Among the simplest organisms, there are many parasites of animals and humans. Listed below are the parasitic protozoa that cause the most serious and common diseases.
amoeba dysentery
The dysentery amoeba is similar to the common one, but is smaller and has shorter and wider rhizomes. It enters the human digestive system through the mouth in the cyst stage. In the large intestine, the amoeba leaves the cyst and feeds on bacteria without harming humans. In the future, this simpler organism begins to invade the intestinal wall, feeds on red blood cells and becomes a parasite. Ulcers form in the intestine, depleting the human body. There is an amoebic dysentery disease, or amoebiasis.
Dysentery amoeba can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver. Here, too, the parasite leads to the formation of purulent ulcers.
By forming cysts, amoebas leave the human body with undigested food residues. Light cysts spread easily. If you don't wash your hands and food, you can get infected with them.
Plasmodium of malaria
Plasmodia are parasitic protozoa. Some types of plasmodia cause malaria in humans. The carrier of the malaria plasmodia is the malaria mosquito. During an insect bite, plasmodium enters the host's bloodstream. Together with the blood it reaches the liver, feeds on it, grows and multiplies. Subsequently, many plasmodia enter the bloodstream again and begin parasitizing the erythrocytes, destroying them and releasing their waste products, which poison the host. A person develops a fever, suffers from anemia.
If a malaria sufferer is again bitten by an Anopheles mosquito, the plasmodia will now pass from the person to the mosquito. In the body of a mosquito, Plasmodium reproduces sexually.
Malaria is common in Africa. This is a very dangerous disease. Fight against malaria, including the destruction of malaria mosquitoes.
trypanosomes
Trypanosomes of the genus are parasitic protozoa with flagella (related to euglena). Their main host is a vertebrate, and insects are usually carriers. Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases of animals and humans. They parasitize mainly in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The most famous and common disease caused by the trypanosome species is sleeping sickness.
The carrier of the sleeping sickness is the tsetse fly. This disease is typical of tropical Africa. Sleeping sickness develops in two stages: the first weeks of a person are tormented by fever and pain, after a month or more, drowsiness, sleep and coordination disturbances, and a change in consciousness occur. The disease is easier to treat in the first stage.
Giardia
Giardia is a genus of parasitic flagellate protozoa. Intestinal lamblia causes giardiasis in humans and animals, in which the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with giardiasis by eating unwashed food containing Giardia cysts. Upon exiting the cyst, the lamblia attaches to the intestine and feeds on digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa. They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals. The vectors are mosquitoes.
There are several types of leishmaniasis associated with damage to various tissues of the body. One of them is Pendinsky's ulcer, a skin disease.
Coccidia
Coccidia parasitize many animals, including worms, arthropods, and fish. They cause coccidiosis diseases, which cause severe damage to fish farming and farming.
Coccidia are deposited in the form of spores containing parasitic cells.
The genus Toxoplasma belongs to the coccidia. Their representatives cause such a widespread disease in humans as toxoplasmosis. A person becomes infected with pets or undercooked meat food. Toxoplasmas affect many organs, including the nervous system.